Most Common Muscular Dystrophy Types, Causes and Symptoms
Find out about Muscular Dystrophy causes, Muscular Dystrophy symptoms, and Muscular Dystrophy types to get the awareness of this fatal disease.
Muscular Dystrophy Causes
There are more than 30 types of Muscular Dystrophy that are brought about by quality change or to place it in straightforward words – mistakes in specific qualities having a place with one or the other or both the guardians.
Much of the time, the youngster might be having strong dystrophy regardless of none of his folks giving any indications of this infection.
In a few different cases, solid dystrophy may not be a direct result of innate by any stretch of the imagination.
While for the most part the arms and legs are impacted by strong dystrophy, the muscles close to the spine likewise have the capability of getting hit.
Muscular Dystrophy may appear not just in the infant stage but also during middle age or later ages.
Most Common Muscular Dystrophy Types
Becker Muscular Dystrophy
BMD or Becker muscular dystrophy is a milder version of DMD and is caused by partially functional dystrophin.
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
DMD or Duchenne muscular dystrophy is the most common childhood form for muscular dystrophy affecting mainly boys.
The symptoms become noticeable by the time the child starts walking and gradually the child may stop walking without the help of braces usually by the age of 12. This is happed just because of the absence of protein genes.
Distal Muscular Dystrophy
Distal Muscular Dystrophy influences the muscles of limits like hands, feet, and lower appendages.
The reason for this dystrophy is obscure and there are 8 distinct sorts of distal strong dystrophy some of which are known to be acquired from guardians.
As the disease progresses slowly and is not life-threatening, the patients may not be aware of the severity of the issue until they reach their 50s in many cases.
Emery–Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy
Emery Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy is either present in the patient from adolescence or starts during adolescence with side effects like a shortcoming in muscles, for example, distal appendage muscles.
It gradually progresses to involve limb-girdle muscles. Many patients may suffer from cardiac conduction which, if ignored may cause stroke or sudden death.
Limb-girdle Muscular Dystrophy (LGMD)
Limb-girdle Muscular Dystrophy (LGMD) is somewhat similar to FSHD in symptoms. It affects both arms and legs and the disease is inherited.
However, the pattern of inheritance is different. Patients suffering from LGMD can usually lead a normal life with some assistance but in extreme cases, LGMD may cause death due to cardiopulmonary complications.
Myotonic Muscular Dystrophy
Myotonic muscular dystrophy as the name suggests has patients showing signs of myotonia, a condition in which there is delayed muscle relaxation.
In the case of Myotonic muscular dystrophy, it is because of the mutation of the DMPK and ZNF9 genes. Other Myotonic muscular dystrophy symptoms include cataracts, early balding, infertility.
There are two types of Myotonic muscular dystrophy – type 1 known as Steinert disease or DM1 and type 2 called DM2.
Oculopharyngeal Muscular Dystrophy
Commonly referred to as OPMD, Oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy begins to show up usually after the age of 40. It is caused by the PABPN1 gene mutation.
OPMD symptoms include drooping of eyelids, difficulty in swallowing, weakness in the muscles that control eye movement (extraocular muscles), gradual weakness and wasting away of the tongue, and proximal limb weakness.
Muscular Dystrophy Symptoms
Depending upon the type and severity of muscular dystrophy symptoms, the symptoms may vary slightly. However, most symptoms are more or less related to muscle weakness such as.
- Poor Balance and Inability Walk Properly
Drooping Eye(Eyelids)
Curved Spine or ScoliosisDeformed Calves That May Limit Movements
Respiratory Difficulty
Joint Contractures and Muscle Spasms
Gower’s Sign (Inability to stand up from squatting position without using hand support)
Atrophy
Cardiomyopathy